Displacement formula
displacement = π ÷ 4 × bore² × stroke × cylinders
Bore and stroke must use the same units. With both in inches, the result is cubic inches. GarageMath converts that result to cubic centimeters and liters.
What displacement tells you
Displacement describes the volume swept by all pistons as they travel through their strokes. It does not directly tell you horsepower, compression ratio or airflow demand, but it is a foundational number for all three.